venerdì 12 novembre 2010

list of crimes punishable by the death penalty in China

Here is the list of crimes punishable by death: [1]
Violent

* Intentional homicide (Article 232)
* Involuntary manslaughter
* Violence
* Rape (Article 236)
* Bodily injury (Article 234)
* Aggression
* Human trafficking (art. 240)
* Kidnapping (Article 239, if required due to deaths)

Economic or financial
* Corruption (art.383)
* Extortion (Article 383)
* Embezzlement (art.383)
* Resale receipts tax (Section 206)
* Tax evasion (Article 205)
* Financial counterfeiting (Article 170)
* Speculation
* Fraud (Article 192)
* Finanaziaria or insurance fraud (Article 194)
* Credit card fraud (Article 195)
* Extortion
* Blackmail
* Smuggled into the following assumptions (art.151):
or nuclear material, weapons, ammunition or explosives
or counterfeit money
or national treasures
or rare species or their products
or precious metal
or evasion of duty over 500,000 yuan (50,000 euros)

Offenses against the state
* Colledere with foreign countries to undermine the state (Article 102)
* Groped to separate the state (art. 103)
* Armed revolt against the state (Article 104)
* Defection to the enemy (Article 108)
* Espionage (Art. 110)
* Reveal, buying or stealing state secrets (Article 111)
* Provide weapons or military equipment to the enemy in time of war (art. 112)
* Be part of secret societies at the end of subversive
* Subversion

Crimes against property
* Robbery (art. 263)
* Theft of large property (September 28, 1998 but there has been an execution for theft of 60 yuan [$ 7.20]) (Article 264)
* Habitual theft
* Use telephone lines or public transport with the evidence that they are stolen
* Theft of communication lines for profit
* Playback of telephone codes for profit
* Burglary or housebreaking

Other offenses

* Cause destruction of public or private property (Article 115)
* Escape from prison (Article 317)
* Spreading poison (art. 115)
* Sale or manufacture of false or harmful food, alcohol or fake medication toxic with serious consequences for consumers (art. 141)
* Sale or manufacture of false or harmful (added in 2003)
* Production or exhibition of pornographic material (not censored or without state authorization)
* Cause explosions (Section 115)
* Possession, sale or manufacture of weapons, ammunition or explosives (Article 125)
* Gambling (although in the Macao Special Administrative Region is legal)
* Bigamy
* Disruption to public
* Disturbance of life
* Use dangerous methods to cause death or serious injury (Article 115)
* Arson (Article 115)
* Procuring or organization, forced induction, introduction, protection or exploitation of prostitution) (added by Supreme People's Court in July 1990, confirmed by the 1997 Criminal Code Article 358)
* Hooliganism (presumably reintroduced)
* Hunting of protected species
* Out of quarantine while having SARS or spread of the virus
* Disclosure or theft of state secrets via the Internet (added in January 2001)
* Hacking
* Drug offenses (Article 347)

Application of the death penalty

These are all death sentences and executions made public by the Chinese courts or by the party in the last 10 years (later published by Amnesty International):

* 1993: 3760 convictions, which carried 1831
* 1994: 2496 convictions, which carried 1791
* 1995: 3612 convictions, which carried 2535
* 1996: 6101 convictions, which carried 4367
* 1997: 3,152 convictions in 1876 performed
* 1998: 2701 convictions, which carried 1769
* 1999: 2088 convictions, which carried 1236
* 2000: 1939 convictions, which carried 1356
* 2001: 4015 convictions, which carried 2468
* 2002: 1921 convictions, which carried 1020
* 2003: 1,639 convictions, of which 726 made
* 2004: 6,000 convictions in 3400 performed

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